They converted to the church, including his cousin Willard Richards. Under Smith's leadership, Young participated in the building of the Kirtland and Nauvoo temples. Conditions Governing Use Mrs. Lawton was the second of the ten Alexander children, of whom the sixth was the late Gen. Edward Porter Alexander, chief of artillery, Longstreet's Corps, C. S. A., president . The study included a total of 2,097 young patients (<50 years) admitted for a heart attack in two large hospitals. Brigham Young was also played by Terence Stamp in the 2007 film September Dawn. In the 1995 film The Avenging Angel, the role of Young was played by Charlton Heston. With Tyrone Power, Linda Darnell, Dean Jagger, Brian Donlevy. Dates 1940-1970 Creator Mackay, Eleanor White (Person) Language of Materials Materials are in English. In the story line, the Tugwell family, Jason (Ben Cooper), Ellie (Emily Banks), and Mary (Erin Moran), are abandoned by their guide while on a wagon train from Utah to California. He was the ninth child of John Young and Abigail "Nabby" Howe. From another planet, Adam brought Eve, one of his wives, with him to the earth, where they became mortal by eating the fruit of the tree of knowledge of good and evil. The sheer variety of Brigham Young's marriages makes it difficult to make sense of them. After bearing mortal children and establishing the human race, Adam and Eve returned to their heavenly thrones where Adam acts as the god of this world. His son, also named Alma, rebelled against everything he was taught. Sidney Rigdon, the senior surviving member of the church's First Presidency, argued there could be no successor to the deceased prophet and that he should stay Joseph's "spokesman" and become guardian of the church. [101] Young viewed education as a process of learning how to make the Kingdom of God a reality on earth, and at the core of his "philosophy of education" was the belief that the church had within itself all that was necessary to save mankind materially, spiritually, and intellectually. After meeting Joseph Smith, Young joined the Church of Christ in April 9, 1832. Just four days after arriving in the Salt Lake Valley, Young designated the location for the Salt Lake Temple; he presided over its groundbreaking years later on April 6, 1853. [114], One of the more controversial teachings of Young during the Mormon Reformation was the AdamGod doctrine. These included a wagon express company, a ferryboat company, a railroad and the manufacturing of processed lumber, wool, sugar beets, iron, and liquor. In 1844, after the assassination of Mormon leader Joseph Smith by an angry mob in Illinois, the Mormons choose Brigham Young as their new leader and follow him to a new promised land in Utah. Mormon historian Juanita Brooks believes that the letter demonstrates that Young "did not order the massacre, and would have prevented it if he could. [19] In April 1832, a branch of the church was organized in Mendon; eight of the fifteen families were Youngs. A key element of the teachings of this group in Young's eyes was their practicing of spiritual gifts like speaking in tongues and prophecy. [29][30] On May 4, 1835, Young and other apostles went on a mission to the east coast, specifically in Pennsylvania and New York. According to Young, the matter was beyond his personal control, and was divinely determined rather than historically or personally as many assumed. He was the ninth of eleven children, growing up in an unsettled frontier environment characterized by frequent family moves to various communities throughout upstate New York. The young woman to become his wife was Sarah Hillhouse Alexander, daughter of Adam Leopold Alex ander, of Washington, Georgia and of Sarah Hillhouse Gilbert, his wife. Lee was arrested on November 7, 1874. [12], However, by the time that the express rider delivered Young's letter to Haight, the massacre at Mountain Meadows had already taken place. [86][87] He was sworn in by Justice Daniel H. Wells for a salary of $1,500 a year, and named as superintendent of Indian Affairs for an additional $1,000. A flyer passed out by a neo-Nazi group outside Brigham and Womens Hospital in Boston on January 22, 2022 targeting anti-racism physicians Anonymous They are also among a cadre of doctors across the country who are confronting mounting intimidation on social media, and threats of violence. [91] It was established on February 28, 1850, as the University of Deseret; its name was eventually changed to the University of Utah. In 1849, Young arranged for a printing press to be brought to the Salt Lake Valley, which was later used to print the Deseret News periodical. Wagonmaster Luke Winner (Morgan Woodward) feels compelled to leave the instrument behind until Ridges finds solid rock under the sand. Haight and Dame were also the senior regional military leaders of the Mormon militia. Brigham Young (/ b r m /; June 1, 1801 - August 29, 1877) was an American religious leader and politician. [40][41] Young also served in various leadership and community organization roles among church members in Nauvoo. [16][17], Young first heard about the massacre from John D. Lee, one of the participants. Isaac Haight's stake high council opposed the attack, and sent a messenger to Salt . [129], Throughout his time as prophet, Young went to great lengths to deny the assumption that he was the author of the practice of priesthood denial to black men, asserting instead that the Lord was. [27][28], At a conference on February 14, 1835, Brigham Young was named and ordained a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. A large slab of granite was put up on which he had the following words engraved: "Here 120 men, women and children were massacred in cold blood early in September, 1857. During his time as church president, Young led his followers, the Mormon pioneers, west from Nauvoo, Illinois, to the Salt Lake Valley. Jeffery Ogden Johnson, Determining and Defining 'Wife': The Brigham Young Households, Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought, Vol. On August 29, 1877, Brigham Young died in Salt Lake City at. [95][96] Young said in an 1852 speech, "In as much as we believe in the Bible we must believe in slavery. Brigham Young had six sisters and four brothers. Lucy and Young had seven children together. [58][59] Several claimants to the role of church president emerged during the succession crisis that ensued. [42] Young proposed marriage to Martha Brotherton, who was seventeen years old at the time and had recently immigrated from Manchester, England. While the majority of the sealings were "for eternity", some were "for time only," meaning that Young was sealed to these women as a proxy for their previous husbands who had passed away. Young's six-year-old daughter Mary Ann died while he was on this mission. [178] In 1865, Karl Maeser began to privately tutor Young's fifty-six children and stopped when he was called on a mission to Germany in 1867. Young had many nicknames during his lifetime, among the most popular being "American Moses"[156] (alternatively, "Modern Moses" or "Mormon Moses"),[157][158] because, like the biblical figure, Young led his followers, the Mormon pioneers, in an exodus through a desert, to what they saw as a promised land. But for multiple young women at Brigham Young University, they claim they received backlash . [105], Within the church, Young reorganized the Relief Society for women in 1867, and created organizations for young women in 1869 and young men in 1875. Young also worked to establish the learning institutions which would later become the University of Utah and Brigham Young University. Florence Claxton's graphic novel, The Adventures of a Woman in Search of Her Rights (1872), satirizes a would-be emancipated woman whose failure to establish an independent career results in her marriage to Young before she wakes to discover she's been dreaming. DJ Ferguson's family say he was first on the list to receive the transplant at Brigham and Women's Hospital but he is no longer eligible because of his vaccination status, CBS Boston. [7] Young moved to Auburn, New York where he was an apprentice to John C. Jeffries. [2] His last words were "Joseph! [143] Young eventually reached a settlement with the aid of a peace commission and agreed to step down as governor. Memorials to Young include a bronze statue in front of the Abraham O. Smoot Administration Building, Brigham Young University; a marble statue in the National Statuary Hall Collection at the United States Capitol, donated by the State of Utah in 1950;[162] and a statue atop the This is the Place Monument in Salt Lake City. Brigham Young tried to stop the massacre. As Governor of the Utah Territory, Brigham Young pushed for the admission of Utah as a state, sending dozens of representatives to the nation's capitol to urge that action. Within months, Harris and the others departed their Utah appointments without replacements being named, and their posts remained unfilled for the next two years. Historians have come to different conclusions on whether contemporary records support this "transfiguration of Brigham Young" (also sometimes called the "mantle phenomenon") as an authentic experience, whatever its causation. [56][57], In 1844, Young travelled east again to solicit votes for Joseph Smith in his presidential campaign. [42] Young and the other apostles directed the church's missionary work and the immigration of new converts from this point forward. "[113] Young believed that sexual desire was given by God to ensure the perpetuation of humankind, and believed sex should be confined to marriage. [66] Young led the church as president of the Quorum of the Twelve until December 5, 1847, when the quorum unanimously agreed to organize a new First Presidency with Young as president of the church. [80] Young's expedition was one of the largest and one of the best organized westward treks, and he made various trips back and forth between the Salt Lake Valley and Winter Quarters to assist other companies in their journeys. Young instructed victims of anti-Mormon violence on the outskirts of Nauvoo to move to Nauvoo. "[14] Brooks writes, "While Brigham Young and other church authorities did not specifically order the massacre, they did preach sermons and set up social conditions that made it possible." This video is private Watch on My dear brothers and sisters, Wendy and I have looked forward to being with you today. She, her husband Nate and their now 2-month-old son Luke fled their home in East Palestine the night of the train derailment to her mother's house about 14 to 15 miles away. He founded Salt Lake City and served as the first governor of the Utah Territory. With its claim to show the true inner workings of one of the biggest and most famous polygamous households of all, "Wife No. He said his son's injuries were caused by an uncontrolled dog at the Crossroads Dog Park. [175], Of Young's fifty-six wives, twenty-one had never been married before; seventeen were widows; six were divorced; six had living husbands and the marital status of six others is unknown. Brigham Young, ca 1850 Brigham Young was born June 1, 1801 in Whittingham, Vermont. Which is greater 36 yards 2 feet and 114 feet 2 inch? The game in question was against Brigham Young University, as part of the Mountain West semifinals. In his will, Young shared his estate with the sixteen surviving wives who had lived with him; the six surviving non-conjugal wives were not mentioned in the will. Brigham Young and William Smith discredited Brotherton's character, and Brotherton herself did not associate with the church afterwards. At Lee's sentencing, as required by Utah Territory statute, he was given the option of being hung, shot, or beheaded, and he chose to be shot. [75] Two days after their arrival, Young and the Twelve Apostles climbed the peak just north of the city and raised the American flag, calling it the "Ensign of Liberty. [177] There were fifty-six women who Young was sealed to during his lifetime. It is that selfless attitude that captured the hearts of . [14], By the time Young moved to Mendon in 1828, he had effectively left the Reformed Methodist church and become a Christian seeker, unconvinced that he had found a church possessing the true authority of Jesus Christ. [44], During his time in Nauvoo, Joseph Smith introduced the doctrine of plural marriage among church leaders. [43] Young served another mission to the Eastern seaboard. :200 When Young received word in July that federal troops were headed to Utah with his replacement, he called out his militia to ambush the federal force using delaying tactics. Portrait of Ira Eldredge with his three wives: Nancy Black Eldredge, Hannah Mariah Savage Eldredge, and Helvig Marie Andersen Eldredge. Young performed the sealing ordinances for two of Joseph Smith's plural wives in early 1842. Some Latter Day Saint denominations, such as the Community of Christ, consider Young the "Father of Mormon Polygamy". [118], Young also taught the doctrine of blood atonement, in which the atonement of Jesus cannot redeem an eternal sin, which included apostasy, theft, fornication (but not sodomy), or adultery. [153], Young was also involved in the organization of the Salt Lake Gas Works, the Salt Lake Water Works, an insurance company, a bank, and the ZCMI store in downtown Salt Lake City. The Center also supported student training for life-long temple and family history service. Young did not learn of the assassination until early July. According to trial testimony given later by Haslam, when Haight read Young's words, he sobbed like a child and could manage only the words, "Too late, too late. [10] They first resided in a small house adjacent to a pail factory, which was Young's main place of employment at the time. [60] The majority in attendance voted that the Quorum of the Twelve was to lead the church. Oct 2019 - Apr 20211 year 7 months. [1][2] Evidence as to whether or not Young ordered the attack on the migrant column is conflicted. This blog is for preview purposes only and all music downloaded should be deleted within 24 hours. "[128] Young was also a vocal opponent of theories of human polygenesis, being a firm voice for stating that all humans were the product of one creation. [26] His third child and first son, Joseph A. By 1870, it had all but disappeared from use.[108]. [4], Young was born on June 1, 1801, in Whitingham, Vermont. He refused to sign a temperance pledge, however, stating that "if I sign the temperance pledge I feel that I am bound, and I wish to do just right, without being bound to do it; I want my liberty. Jedediah M. Grant, one of the key figures of the Reformation and one of Young's counselors, traveled throughout the Territory preaching to Latter-day Saint communities and settlements with the goal of inspiring them to reject sin and turn towards spiritual things. Brigham Young served as president until his death on August 29, 1877. [10] After delivering the letter to Young, Haslam was told to rest for a few hours then return to pick up the reply. As a church leader, Brigham Young stood in marked contrast to his predecessor, the charismatic, idealistic, and theologically innovative Joseph Smith. "In regard to emigrating trains arriving and passing through our settlements," he wrote in a letter designed to restore calm in Southern Utah, "We must not interfere with them." After the massacre, Young stated in public forums that God had taken vengeance on the BakerFancher party. [92]:34, In 1851, Young and several federal officialsincluding territorial Secretary Broughton Harrisbecame unable to work cooperatively. "Territorial Dispatches: the Sentence of Lee", Brigham Young and the Mountain Meadows massacre, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Mountain Meadows massacre and Mormon theology, "Brigham Young, 2nd President of the Church", "Deposition of Brigham Young Regarding the Mountain Meadows Massacre July 30, 1875", Tragedy at Mountain Meadows Massacre: Toward a Consensus Account and Time Line, Blood of the Prophets: Brigham Young and the Massacre at Mountain Meadows, "Loose in the stacks, a half-century with the Utah War and its legacy", "The Mountain Meadows Massacre: An Analytical Narrative Based on Participant Confessions", "Visit of the Superintendent of Indian Affairs to Southern Utah", "Horrible Massacre of Arkansas and Missouri Emigrants", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brigham_Young_and_the_Mountain_Meadows_Massacre&oldid=1124726578, Books about presidents of the church (LDS Church), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 30 November 2022, at 05:21. Will Richardson spoke to KPHO and showed what he called bite marks on his 9-year-old son Matthew's neck and back. "[97] Seven years later in 1859, Young stated in an interview with the New York Tribune that he considered slavery a "divine institution not to be abolished". Joseph! Open for public research. The remains of about 40 people were later found and buried, and U.S. Army officer James Henry Carleton had a large cross made from local trees, the transverse beam bearing the engraving, "Vengeance Is Mine, Saith The Lord: I Will Repay" and erected a cairn of rocks at the site. With the onset of the Panic of 1819, Jeffries dismissed Young from his apprenticeship and Young moved to Port Byron, which was then called Bucksville. After marrying Abigail, John Young settled in Massachusetts. [46] Eight of Young's plural marriages in Nauvoo were to Joseph Smith's widows. 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